Pump



March 29, 1938. l w. czARNEcKl ET Al. 2,112,522

PUMP

Filed June 13,1936 s sheets-sheet 2 :Srwenfor Cttorncg March 29, 1938; w. czARNEcKl ET A1.

PUMP

Filed June 15, 1936 1 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 AWM Patented Mar. 29, 19384 AUNITED ASTATES PATENT OFFICE ton, Pa., assignors, by mesne assignments, to Eddington Metal Specialty Co., Eddington, Pa.,

aflrm.

,Application June' 13, 1936, Serial No. 85,098 i claim. (ci. 10s-13s) This invention relates to pumps such as are commonly employed for the purpose of building up pressure in a iiuid, and the invention is concerned primarily with pumps of the so-called rotary type.

A The invention has in view, as its foremost objective, the provision of a rotary pump, which includes a rotor that is eccentrically mounted in a circular pump housing, and which rotor carries blades which are movable with respect thereto.

Another somewhat more detailed object of the invention lies in the provision of a pump of the A character above noted, which includes mechanical means for positively causing movement of the blades with respect-to the rotor. In carrying out this idea in a practical embodiment, appropriate cam surfaces are associated with the blade, whereby rotation of the rotor which carries the Iblades renders eective the cam surfaces to cause the desired relative movement betweenthe blades and rotor.

uYet another object of the present invention is the provision vof a pump, of the type above noted, in which suitable ducts are provided in the pump parts to cause lubrication thereof, and inasmuch as these pumps ordinarily are designed for the pumping of fuel oil, the invention contemplates the use of the oil which is being put through the pump as the source of supply of the lubricant.

The invention has in'view, as a further objective, the provision of a pump of the character above described, which includes a rotor and blades carried thereby, and with which blades cooperate the mechanical means for positively causing movement of the blades, and in addition certain spring elements which are associated with the blade, and which obviate the need for highly accurate machining of these parts.

A further object of the invention is to provide a rotary pump of the character above noted, in which pressure is built up in the fluid with a socalled double action, that is the fluid is subjected to two pumping operations and actions which are independently irientiiiable.

More particularly this invention contemplates an arrangement in which the rotor carrying the blades is mounted in a housing which is shaped to cooperate with the rotor in dening two distinct pumping chambers. Communication between these chambers is established by suitable passageways formed in the housing. As the rotor is rotated the blades carried thereby move in the usual manner, and affect the fluid in one chamber to build up pressure therein.

The uid in this condition passes over through the passageways in the housing to the other chamber, where the operation of the rotor continues to build up the pressure. With this socalled double action on the pump, a desired pressure is built up much more quickly than would otherwise be the case.

Various other more detailed objects and advantages will in part become apparent, and in part be hereinafter stated, 'as several embodiments of the invention are illustrated and described.

The invention, therefore, comprises a rotary pump, including a rotorwhich is eccentrically mounted in the housing, and which rotor carries a plurality of blades that are movable with respect to the rotor. Mechanical means are provided for causing movement of the blades with respect to the rotor, and in addition certain spring means are employed for causing proper positioning of the blades with respect to the housing. i

Suitable ducts are provided throughout-the parts for insuring of the proper lubrication thereof from the iiuid which is having pressure built up thereon by the pump.

For a full and more complete understanding of the invention, reference may be had to the following description and accompanying drawings whereinf Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a. rotary pump assembly, made in accordance with thev precepts of this invention,

Figure 2 is a transverse section, taken at rightangles to the showing of Figure l. This viewV is taken about on the plane represented by the line 2--2 of Figure 1,

4 Figure 3 is a fragmentary detailed showing in perspective of the cap element per se,

Flgure 4 is another fragmentary detailed showing, bringing out the construction of one of the parts which is associated with the rotor,

Figure 5 is a detailed view in elevation of the rotor, together with the driving shaft on which it is mounted,

Figure 6 is a detailed view in perspective of one of the blades,

Figure '7 is an end elevational showing of aA somewhat modied form, in which the blades are carried in a spiral arrangement by the rotor,

Figure 8 is a side elevational showing of the rotor having the spiral blades.

Figure 9 is a detailed perspective view of one of the blade elements pe se, which is shown in Figures 'I and 8,

Figure l0 is a detailed view in perspective of one of the blade elements in a somewhat modiiled form, in which the blade elements are formed with recesses for receiving cam ribs, which are carried 'by other parts of the assembly,

Figure 11 is a view similar to FigureS, but of the modification in which the blades of Figure 10 are used, likewise,

Figure 12 is a perspective view similar to Figure 4, of the modication shown in Figures 10 and 11,

Figure 13 is a perspective view similar to Figures 3 and 1l, with still another modification in which cam surfaces are provided for causing movement of the blade in one direction only,

Figure 14 is a view similar to Figures 4' and 12, corresponding to the modification s hown in Figure 13,

Figure 15 is a detailed perspective view of the blade element with the modification of Figures 13 and 14,

Figure 16 is a transverse section, taken through still another modiilcation in which springs are included in the blade assembly,

Figure 17 is a perspective view of the various parts of a blade assembly in a somewhat exploded relationship, and

Figure 18 is a transverse section taken through a modification in which the so-called double action is provided.

Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference characters denote corresponding parts, it is rst noted that the pump assembly herein illustrated and described is designed for the purpose of building up vpressure on fluids when occasion demands. Under numerous conditions of usage, oil will be the fluid on which the pressure is built up, and the invention is, therefore, herein set forth as used in conjunction with such a fluid which is effective to lubricate the parts.

Obviously the invention is susceptible of use on other fluids, in which case a different lubricating arrangement would be provided.

Referring now to Figure 1, a pump housing is referred to generally by the reference character H and is shown as formed with ears I0, which may be availed of in mounting the pump in any desired operative position. Forwardly of the ears III, the housing H is formed with a cylindrical bore II, which is dened by a wall I2 that is slightly enlarged in thickness as indicated at I3.

As brought out more clearly in Figure 2, the thickened portion I8 is formed with a pair of passages I4 and I5, which communicate with the cylindrical bore II. At their extremities the passages I4 and I5 may be threaded, as shown at I8 and Il, respectively, to provide for properly yconnecting suitable conduits thereto.

Received Ain-tlie inner portion of the cylindrical I bore II is a bearing sleeve I8, which may be iltted in the bore II as by a pressed fit. This bearing sleeve I8 is formed with a cylindrical bore I8, which is eccentric to the cylindrical bore II; that is the axis of the cylindrical bore I9 is out of alignment with the axis of the bore I I.

A drive shaft 20 extends into the housing H, and is formed-with a slightly thickened portion 2|, that is received in the bore I8. Forwardly of the sleeve I8 this drive shaft 20 carries the rotor assembly in a manner to be hereinafter described. Rearwardly of the sleeve I8, the drive shaft 20 extends through a chamber 22, which is dened by a wall 23, constituting a part of the housing H.

As shown in Figure l, a bearing member 24 is formed with a cylindrical opening 25, through which the shaft 28 extends, and this bearing member 24 constitutes a cap for closing the chamber 22. heldin position in any preferred manner, as by a screw fastening means, indicated at 28.

The cylindrical opening 25 in the bearing member 24 may be slightly enlarged, as shown. at 21, to provide a recess for receiving a packing member 28. The latter may be heldin position by a ring, shown at 29.

Inasmuch as the fluid which is being affected by the present pump is put under high pressure on one side of the pump housing, as will be later described, it is important to guard against leakage of the iluid along the shaft 20. Accordingly a packing gland is shown at 30, as being drivably carried by the shaft 20, in any preferred manner, such as by the pin shownat 3|.

This packing gland 38 is formedwith a nose at 32, which engages the sleeve I8 adjacent to the enlarged portion 2| of the shaft. The packing gland 30 also carries a packing ring 33, which is disposed about the shaft 20, and which is held in position in the packing gland 30 by a retaining ring 34, formed with a tubular extension 35, which extends into a coil spring 38.

The coil spring 38, at its other end, receives a corresponding tubular projection 3l, formed on a retaining ring 38, which maintains a Apacking ring 39 in assembled position within another y of fluid past these surfaces in engagement.

At the same time leakage directly along the shaft 20 is checked by the packing rings 33 and 39, which function is further supplemented by the packing ring 28, which is carried by the cap 24.

Forwardly of the sleeve I8 the shaft 28 is enlarged in diameter to provide a rotor 42, and which rotor is formed with a plurality of radially extending slots 43. At its forward end the shaft 20 isreduced in diameter, as indicated at 44, and the reduced portion 44 is received in a recess 45, formed in a front cap member 48. This cap member 48 may be retained in position in the front portion of the housing in any preferred manner, as by the bolts indicated at 41.

As shown in Figure 1, packing means, such as a gasket 48, may be interposed between the cap member 48 and wall I3 of the housing H. It is notable that theaxis defining the recess 45 is in substantial alignment with the axis of the cylindrical bore I 3 in the sleeve I8, and is, therefore, eccentric with respect lto the cylindrical bore II.

The cap member 48 /is formed with an eccentric flange 50 that extends into the bore Il, and a circular groove 5I is formed in the end surface ofthe flange 50, this circular groove being eccentric with respect to the axis of the recess 45, but substantially coaxial with the cylindrical bore I I.

'I'he sleeve I8 is also formed with a circular I The bearing member 24 may be projections 54, which extend into the grooves 5I and 52, respectively.

The operation of the above described pump assembly may be brieny described by noting, rst, that the cap member 46, and sleeve I8 are immovably mounted in the housing H, so that as the rotor 42 is rotated incident to driving of the shaft 20, the blades 43 will be caused to move radially inwardly and outwardly, as the case may be, due to the engagement of the projections 54 in the eccentric grooves 5I and 52.

The respective position of the blades 53 with` respect to the rotor and housing is clearly brought out in Figure 2. The blade, in the uppermost position, is fully received in the slot 43, anddoes not project beyond the cylindrical surface 49 of the rotor 42, while the blade 53, at the bottom, is in its fully extended position in which it projects beyond the cylindrical wall 49, and engages the cylindrical bore II.

As fluid is admitted into the passageway I4 it is effected by rotation of the rotor 20 in the direction indicated by the arrow, to build up pressure on the fluid as it is driven outwardly through the passageway I5.- r v As above pointed out, the uid on which pressure is being built up may be oil, and provision for lubricating the relatively moving parts from this fluid, as a source of supply, may be made by providing the cap member 46 with a duct 55,l

which communicates from the exterior wall of the flange 58 to the recess 45.

The/drive shaft 28 and rotor 42 are also formed with a duct 56 which extends from the extremity of the reduced end 44, in the recess 45, to a point just rearwardly of the rotor 42, and substantially axially of the shaft 28, this duct 56 then extends radially outwardly to a groove 51, which is formed in the enlarged portion 2| of the shaft 20.

Lubricant in theA form of a iiuid, as driven inV the pump, may pass throughthe ducts 55 and 56, as well as the groove 51, to insure of proper lubrication of the relatively movable parts.

Referring now more particularly to Figures 10, 11 and 12, a somewhat modified form is shown in which the flange 58 of the cap member 46 is `formed with an eccentric rib 58, rather than a recess. Likewise, the bearing sleeve I8 is formed with an eccentric rib 59, which corresponds to the rib 58 on the cap member 46. In this modification of the invention, blades 68 are employed, which are formed with recesses 6I, which are designed to receive thev ribs 58 and 59. The

proper radial movement of the blades is caused by "the interengagement between the eccentric ribs 58 and 59 in the recesses 6I. A

In this form of the invention it is notable that a duct 62 extends from the free face of the rib 58 to theduct 55, this being brought out clearly in Figure 1l.

Yet another form of the invention is shown in. Figures 7, 8 and 9, in which blades 63 are shown as being of a spiral construction, and arranged,

in correspondingly spirally formed slots 64 in the rotor 42. When this spiral arrangement of the blades is used, it is notable that the surfaces of the blades 62 have a curvature, as indicated at 65, this to insure of providing a good surface engagement with the cylindrical bore Il.

Referring now more particularly to Figures 13, 14 and 15, still another modification of the invention is shown in these views. The flange 58 of the'cap 46 is shown as formed with an eccentric surface at 66, while-the sleeve I8 is formed with a corresponding cam surface 61. A blade.

of a somewhat dierent construction, is shown in Figure 15, at 68, and this blade 68 is formed at each side with a notch which provides a surface .69, which is adapted to engage the cam surfaces 66 and 61, inclusive.

It is evident that an engagement of the Cam surfaces 66 and 61 with the surfaces 69 ofl the ment of the blades 68. Inward movement of these blades may be caused by engagement thereof with the cylindrical bore Il.

In the forms of the invention above described, accurate machining of the blade elements and thesuriaces which they engage is at least a highly desirable factor, and in order to obviate the need for such great accuracy, the invention proposes the use of still another modication whichis brought out in Figures 16 and 17. In these views each of the recesses receives a blade assembly which is referred to generally by the reference character A. Such a blade assembly comprises a. main body portion 18, which is formed at each end with a projection 1I that is adapted to be received in the eccentric grooves 5I and 62 respectively.

The main body portion 10 is formed on each side with extensions 12, and at the bottom of these extensions 12 with a pair of openings, as indicated at 13. Received in each of the openings 13 is a coil spring 14, and bearing against the opening 13, and contained between the side .extension 12 is a second blade element 15..

In the form of the invention shown in Figures 16 and 17, it is notable that a certain amount of mechanical movement of the blade assembly A is caused by the fitting of the projections 1I in the eccentric grooves 5I and 52. At the same time assurance of proper engagement of the blade element 16 with the cylindrical bore II is provided at all times, due to the presence of the spring members 14.

Referring now to Figure 18, still another modiication is shown in which the housing assumes a shape different from that shown in the other forms of the invention. In Figure 18 the housing is referred to as 16, and is shown as formed with a central opening 1l', which has a vertical dimension substantially equal to the diametrical dimension of' the rotor d2. However, the horizontal dimension of the opening 11 is considerably in excess of the diametrical dimension of the rotor 42, and as a result ltwo pumping Achambers are defined by `the rotor 42, together .with the housing 16. These chambers are referred to as 18 and 19, and it is noted that they are of a crescentlike formation.

The housing 15 is formed with an inlet opening at 88, which communicates with the chamber 18, and an outlet opening at 8 i, which communicates with the chamber 19. Communication between the chambers 18 and i8 is provided by the vertical passages 82 and 83, and a cross passage 84.-

As the rotor i2 is rotatedin the direction of the arrow, the blades carried by the rotor aect the fluid in the chamber 18 to build up pressure therein. "The iiuid under the condition of this built up pressure passes through the passageways 82, 84 and 83 to the chamber 19, where it is again aifected by the rotor 42 and the blades carried thereby, to build up further pressure, after which it is discharged through the opening at 8i.

It is evident-that this double chamber arrangement provides for a so-called double action on the part of the pump, in that the uid is subjected to two more less distinct pumping operations, and as a result any desired degree of pressure can be built up much more quickly than would be the case were the single action type of pump employed.

While preferred specific embodiments of the invention are hereinbefore set forth, it is to be clearly understood that we are not to be limited to the exact constructions illustrated and described, because various modifications of these details may be provided in putting the invention into practice within the purview of the appended claim.

AWe claim:

A rotary pump of the character described comprising a. housing formed witha cylindrical bore, a bearing sleeve in said bore, a cap for the housing having a ange extending into the bore, a

drive shaft formed with a rotor which is received `shaft, said rotor being formed with a plurality of slots, blades movable in said slots, and cam means carried by said sleeve and flange portion of the cap respectively, for causing movement of said blades incident to rotation of the rotor.

WALTER CZARNECKI. WESLEY CZARN'ECKI. 

